Europeans
A painful history

A painful history

Africa: the transatlantic slave trade Slavery was virtually a universal institution in countries around the world for thousands of years It is safe to say that in the popular imagination slavery is seen as an evil,...

Hostile terms

Hostile terms

Africa: ‘tribalism’ Over a century of deeply racist Western literature continues to influence notions of ‘blackness’ and what it means to be an African By Milton Allimadi When I wrote my master’s paper at the Graduate...

Creole rising

Creole rising

West Africa: new languages Pidgin and creole emerged to serve trade, but what of their longer-term use and acceptance? By Simon Akam When I lived in Sierra Leone’s capital, Freetown, my house had a collection of books...